{"id":12564,"date":"2026-02-23T15:36:32","date_gmt":"2026-02-23T15:36:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/azelhukuk.com\/?p=12564"},"modified":"2026-02-23T16:15:40","modified_gmt":"2026-02-23T16:15:40","slug":"full-remedy-case-for-compensation-regarding-unlawful-administrative-acts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/azelhukuk.com\/en\/tam-yargi-davasi-idarenin-hukuka-aykiri-islemlerinde-tazminat\/","title":{"rendered":"Full Remedy Action: Compensation for Unlawful Administrative Acts"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"12564\" class=\"elementor elementor-12564\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a4282a8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a4282a8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2fd17df\" data-id=\"2fd17df\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1889b8a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1889b8a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One of the most fundamental principles of the rule of law is that the acts and actions of the administration are subject to judicial review. Article 125 of the Constitution explicitly contains the provision, \u201cThe administration is liable to compensate for the damage arising from its own actions and acts.\u201d This constitutional guarantee grants individuals who suffer loss due to an unlawful act or action of the administration the right to file a full remedy action.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Today, searches such as \u201chow to file a compensation lawsuit against the administration\u201d, \u201cwhat is a full remedy lawsuit\u201d, and \u201chow to obtain financial and moral compensation due to an unlawful administrative act\u201d are particularly frequent. In this article, we examine in detail the legal basis, procedure, burden of proof, and practical considerations of a full remedy lawsuit.<\/span><\/p><h2><b>What is a Full Remedy Action and How is it Filed?<\/b><\/h2><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A full remedy action is a type of lawsuit brought by individuals whose personal rights have been violated due to an administrative act or action, for the purpose of claiming compensation for the pecuniary and non-pecuniary damages they have suffered.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This type of lawsuit, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mevzuat.gov.tr\/mevzuat?MevzuatNo=2577&amp;MevzuatTur=1&amp;MevzuatTertip=5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Code of Administrative Procedure No. 2577 (\u0130YUK)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2019is regulated in Article 2 of the. Unlike annulment actions, the aim here is not the elimination of the administrative act, but the compensation of the damage. However, in most cases <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/azelhukuk.com\/en\/services\/administrative-law\/#:~:text=ba%C5%9Fl%C4%B1ca%20t%C3%BCrleri%20%C5%9Funlard%C4%B1r%3A-,%C4%B0ptal%20Davalar%C4%B1,-%C4%B0ptal%20davalar%C4%B1%2C%20idare\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">annulment action<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> how many full judgment cases are brought together or in a connected manner.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As a result of the unlawful act of the administration,;<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Revocation of licence<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sealing<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Licence suspension<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unfair disciplinary action<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unlawful public official actions<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zoning applications<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Expropriation errors<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">such situations can lead to damage and full remedy actions may arise.<\/span><\/p><h3><b>Legal Basis of the Full Remedy Action<\/b><\/h3><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The fundamental basis of full remedy actions is Article 125 of the Constitution. This article accepts the fault-based or strict liability of the administration.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The liability of the administration is examined under two main headings:<\/span><\/p><ol><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Service fault<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">maladministration.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Strict Liability (Objective Liability)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cases where the administration is held liable, even in the absence of fault, pursuant to the principles of risk, balancing of sacrifice, or social risk.<\/span><\/li><\/ol><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Council of State case law clearly establishes that damages arising from administrative acts whose unlawfulness has been established by a judicial decision must be compensated.<\/span><\/p><h3><b>Time Limit for Filing a Full Remedy Action and Statute of Limitations<\/b><\/h3><p><a href=\"https:\/\/azelhukuk.com\/en\/administrative-lawsuit-filing-deadline-and-the-functioning-of-the-litigation-process-in-administrative-judiciary\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Time limits for filing administrative lawsuits and the functioning of the litigation process in administrative justice<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> it is primarily regulated in the IYUK; exceptional provisions in special laws are reserved. Time limits are extremely important in a full remedy action.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In full remedy actions to be brought against administrative acts:<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An action must be brought within 60 days of the notification of the transaction.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As for damages arising from administrative actions:<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1 year from the date of learning the damage and the perpetrator,<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In any case, a lawsuit must be filed within 5 years from the date of the action.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Missing deadlines can lead to the dismissal of the case on procedural grounds. Therefore, it is important to obtain legal support.<\/span><\/p><h3><b>Proof of Damage in a Full Remedy Action<\/b><\/h3><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The most common issue encountered in practice is the \u201cconcrete proof of damage\u201d.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In a full remedy action, the claimant;<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">that there is an administrative act or action,<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">That this transaction or action is unlawful,<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">That a loss has arisen,<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">that there is a causal link between the transaction and the damage<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">must demonstrate.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, there is an important point to note here: the principle of ex officio investigation applies in administrative jurisdiction. Administrative courts are obliged to uncover the material truth. They are not limited to the documents submitted by the parties and may, on their own initiative, request necessary information and documents from public institutions.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Council of State rulings accept that proof of the amount of damage with mathematical certainty is not required; it is sufficient to demonstrate the occurrence of damage through reasonable and strong indicators. Particularly in situations such as the suspension of commercial activity, the profit deprived of is determined through expert examination.<\/span><\/p><h3><b>Pecuniary Compensation and Loss of Profit<\/b><\/h3><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In a full remedy action, material damage;<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the actual loss of assets,<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">loss of profits,<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Loss of workforce,<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Additional expenses<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kapsar.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lost profit is the loss of the potential earnings that the person would have obtained had the administrative act not taken place. This item of damage particularly comes to the fore in the event of the suspension of commercial activities.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Courts generally determine the amount of damage by having an expert examination carried out on this matter.<\/span><\/p><h3><b>Claim for Non-Pecuniary Damages<\/b><\/h3><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An unlawful act or action by the administration does not only cause economic damage; it can also have negative effects on a person's honour, reputation, social status and psychological integrity.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 17 of the Constitution guarantees everyone the right to protect and develop their material and spiritual existence. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.anayasa.gov.tr\/tr\/yayinlar\/insan-haklari-bilgi-bankasi\/avrupa-insan-haklari-mahkemesi\/aihm-yapisi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">European Court of Human Rights<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> evaluates the protection of professional reputation and social standing within the scope of private life.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is accepted in the case law of the Council of State that non-pecuniary damages may be awarded for the purpose of alleviating the grief and suffering experienced by the individual. Non-pecuniary damages are not a means of enrichment; they are a means of satisfaction aimed at partially remedying the injustice created by the unlawful act.<\/span><\/p><h3><b>Expert and Evidence Examination in a Full Remedy Action<\/b><\/h3><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In full judicial proceedings, an expert witness examination is frequently conducted. In particular;<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Commercial loss,<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Loss of working capacity,<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Construction and zoning damages,<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Healthcare errors<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">on technical matters like this, the expert report plays a decisive role.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The court makes the damage calculation based on technical data. Therefore, it is of great importance that the statement of claim is based on strong legal foundations.<\/span><\/p><h3><b>Difference Between an Annulment Action and a Full Remedy Action<\/b><\/h3><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An annulment action aims to determine the unlawfulness of an administrative act and have it set aside. A full remedy action, on the other hand, targets the compensation of the damage arising from this act.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In some cases, an annulment action is filed first, the administrative act is annulled, and then a full remedy action comes onto the agenda. The annulment decision is the strongest evidence of unlawfulness in the full remedy action.<\/span><\/p><h3><b>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)<\/b><\/h3><h4><b>What is a full remedy action?<\/b><\/h4><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is an action filed for the compensation of material and moral damages suffered due to the unlawful transaction or action of the administration.<\/span><\/p><h4><b>Within what time period must a full remedy action be filed?<\/b><\/h4><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In administrative proceedings <\/span><b>60 days<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and in administrative actions, from the time of learning <\/span><b>1 year<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and in any case <\/span><b>5 years<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> A lawsuit must be filed within it.<\/span><\/p><h4><b>How is damage proven in a full remedy action?<\/b><\/h4><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The existence of damage, the chain of causation and the unlawfulness must be demonstrated. The court may conduct an investigation ex officio and order an expert witness examination.<\/span><\/p><h4><b>Can moral compensation be claimed?<\/b><\/h4><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes. If a person's honour, reputation and psychological integrity have been impaired due to an unlawful administrative act, non-pecuniary damages may be claimed.<\/span><\/p><h4><b>Can a full remedy action be filed without filing an annulment action?<\/b><\/h4><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Depending on the circumstances, it is possible. However, in many cases, filing a lawsuit for annulment first constitutes a legally stronger path.<\/span><\/p><h2><b>Conclusion: Can Compensation Be Claimed Due to Unlawful Acts of the Administration?<\/b><\/h2><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Compensation can be claimed through a full remedy action for damages incurred due to an unlawful act or action of the administration; the fundamental basis for this is the principle in Article 125 of the Constitution that \u2019the administration is liable to compensate for the damage\u201c.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Full remedy actions are one of the strongest legal safeguards of the individual against the administration. Redress for damages suffered due to unlawful administrative acts is not merely an individual right, but also a requirement of the principle of the rule of law.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In these cases, time limits, the burden of proof, expert examination and legal characterisation are of great importance. In particular, the correct determination of the heads of loss and the robust establishment of the chain of causation directly affect the success of the case. Therefore, in order to avoid any loss of rights, it is important that the process is carefully planned according to the specific circumstances of the case.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As Azel Law and Consultancy, we provide comprehensive legal support for the compensation of material and moral damages arising from unlawful acts and actions of the administration. In order to avoid any loss of rights, it is important that the process is conducted with an expert administrative law attorney.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8195037 elementor-widget elementor-widget-rt-cta\" data-id=\"8195037\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"rt-cta.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\n<!--=====================================-->\n<!--=     Call To Action Area Start     =-->\n<!--=====================================-->\n<section class=\"call-to-action-wrap-layout1 has-animation\">\n        <div class=\"animated-figure\">\n        <div class=\"translate-right-50 transition-100 opacity-animation transition-delay-100\">\n            <img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"896\" src=\"https:\/\/azelhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Idare-mahkemesi-tam-yargi-davasi.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Administrative court, full remedy action, time limit for filing a lawsuit and limitation period\" \/>        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n        <div class=\"row\">\n        <div class=\"col-lg-8 col-12\">\n                        <div class=\"call-to-action-box-layout1\">\n                <h2 class=\"item-title\">For a fair, reliable and effective service...<\/h2>\n            <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n        <div class=\"col-lg-4 col-12 d-flex align-items-center justify-content-center justify-content-lg-end\">\n                        <div class=\"call-to-action-box-layout1\">\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/azelhukuk.com\/en\/contact\/\" class=\"btn-fill\">Contact us!<\/a>\n            <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/section>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hukuk devletinin en temel ilkelerinden biri, idarenin i\u015flem ve eylemlerinin yarg\u0131 denetimine tabi olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 125. maddesi a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde \u201c\u0130dare, kendi eylem ve i\u015flemlerinden do\u011fan zarar\u0131 \u00f6demekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr.\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7ermektedir. Bu anayasal g\u00fcvence, idarenin hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 bir i\u015flem veya eylemi nedeniyle zarar g\u00f6ren ki\u015filere tam yarg\u0131 davas\u0131 a\u00e7ma hakk\u0131 tan\u0131maktad\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00f6zellikle \u201cidareye kar\u015f\u0131&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12565,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[57],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12564","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-idare","aeen-post-thumb"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Tam Yarg\u0131 Davas\u0131:\u00a0\u0130darenin Hukuka Ayk\u0131r\u0131 \u0130\u015flemlerinde Tazminat<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Yam yarg\u0131 davas\u0131 nedir, nas\u0131l a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r? \u0130darenin hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 i\u015flemleri nedeniyle tazminat al\u0131nabilir mi? 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